Acute airway inflammation following controlled biodiesel exhaust exposure in healthy subjects

Table 4 Comparison of airway inflammatory effects between biodiesel and petrodiesel exhaust exposure

	BD100 versus air Present study	Petrodiesel versus air Salvi et al. AmJRCCM 1999 (8)	Petrodiesel versus air Friberg et al. PFT 2023 (15)
Bronchial biopsy
P-selectin subm	+ +	ns	ND
ICAM-1 subm	( +)	+ +	ND
Neutrophil subm	+ +	+ +	+ +
Neutrophil epi	+	+ +	ND
Mast cells subm	+	+	+
CD68 + Macrophage subm	+	ND	ND
Lymphocytes subm	ns	+	+
BW
Neutrophil	+ +	+ +	+ +
Macrophage	+	ns	ns

+ and + + = significant increase at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively, ( +) = non-significant trend p < 0.07, ns non-significant, ND no data. Inflammatory effects in the lungs in the current BD100 exhaust exposure study and two previous petrodiesel studies. Similar exposure protocol used with bronchoscopies performed 6 h after controlled diesel exhaust versus filtered air exposures. Findings in bronchial biopsy submucosa (subm) and epithelium (epi), as well as bronchial wash (BW)

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