Fig. 12

Two-way hierarchical cluster analysis (2D-HCA) for cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Branches in the dendrograms correspond to the relative degree of similarity among the variables/observations: the shorter the branch, the higher the degree of similarity; the greater the branch, the greater dissimilarity. ZP: ζ-Potential; Size: crystalline size of the NMs measured by TEM; HDD: hydrodynamic diameter in stock (milliQ water) or DMEM (cell culture medium), at time point 0 h (T0) or 24 h (T24); PDI: polydispersity index. AB alamar blue assay; CFE colony forming efficiency assay; ECSIS electric cell-substrate impedance sensing assay